{"id":3161,"date":"2021-02-10T00:14:28","date_gmt":"2021-02-09T21:14:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oner.av.tr\/?p=3161"},"modified":"2024-11-06T20:19:36","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T17:19:36","slug":"ozel-hayatin-gizliligini-ihlal-manevi-tazminat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/oner.av.tr\/en\/ozel-hayatin-gizliligini-ihlal-manevi-tazminat\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00d6ZEL HAYATIN G\u0130ZL\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130N\u0130 \u0130HLAL MANEV\u0130 TAZM\u0130NAT"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00d6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011fi ve korunmas\u0131, Anayasam\u0131z ile g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anayasan\u0131n 20. maddesine g\u00f6re; \u2018Herkes, \u00f6zel hayat\u0131na ve aile hayat\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesini isteme hakk\u0131na sahiptir. \u00d6zel hayat\u0131n ve aile hayat\u0131n\u0131n gizlili\u011fine dokunulamaz.” \u00d6zel Hayat\u0131n Gizlili\u011fini \u0130hlal Su\u00e7u ve Cezas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/a> ile ilgili makalemize g\u00f6z atmak i\u00e7in linke t\u0131klayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Teknoloji ve sosyal medyan\u0131n g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e geli\u015fmesi ile beraber \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011fini ihlal su\u00e7unun oran\u0131nda da art\u0131\u015f meydana gelmi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc insanlar \u00f6zel anlar\u0131n\u0131, hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131k sosyal medyada daha s\u0131k payla\u015fmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6yle olunca da bu bilgilerin ele ge\u00e7irilmesi ve yay\u0131lmas\u0131 kolayla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Manevi Tazminat Nedir ?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Manevi zarar, ki\u015filik de\u011ferlerinde olu\u015fan nesnel eksilmedir. Duyulan ac\u0131 ve \u00e7ekilen \u0131st\u0131rap manevi zarar olarak de\u011fil de onun g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. \u00c7ekilen bu ac\u0131 ve kederden dolay\u0131 ki\u015filerin tazminat isteme hakk\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu tazminat t\u00fcr\u00fcne “Manevi tazminat” denilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bunlar ki\u015filik de\u011ferlerinin zedelenmesi T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu (TMK m.24) , isme sald\u0131r\u0131 (TMK m.26), ni\u015fan bozulmas\u0131 (TMK m.121), evlenmenin butlan\u0131 (TMK m.158\/2), bo\u015fanma (TMK m.174\/2) bedensel zarar ve \u00f6l\u00fcme neden olma (818 say\u0131l\u0131 Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu (BK) m.47, 6098 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu (TBK) m. 56) durumlar\u0131ndan biri ile ki\u015filik haklar\u0131n\u0131n zedelenmesi (818 say\u0131l\u0131 BK m.49, 6098 say\u0131l\u0131 TBK m. 58) olarak s\u0131ralanabilir. 4721 say\u0131l\u0131 TMK\u2019n\u0131n 24. maddesi ile 818 say\u0131l\u0131 BK\u2019n\u0131n 49. maddesi di\u011fer yasal d\u00fczenlemelere nazaran daha kapsaml\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Herkes \u00f6zel ve aile hayat\u0131na, konutuna ve ileti\u015fimine sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesi hakk\u0131na sahiptir. Bu hakk\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na bir kamu makam\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcdahalesi, ancak m\u00fcdahalenin yasayla .\u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve demokratik bir toplumda ulusal g\u00fcvenlik, kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, \u00fclkenin ekonomik refah\u0131, .d\u00fczenin korunmas\u0131, su\u00e7 i\u015flenmesinin \u00f6nlenmesi, sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n veya ahlak\u0131n veya ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli bir tedbir olmas\u0131 durumunda s\u00f6z konusu olabilir.<\/p>\n

Avrupa \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin 8. maddesinde de, herkesin \u00f6zel ve aile hayat\u0131na, konutuna ve haberle\u015fmesine sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesini isteme hakk\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu belirtilmekte, maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda me\u015fru s\u0131n\u0131rlama nedenleri say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu d\u00fczenleme gere\u011fince bir kamu otoritesince yap\u0131labilecek m\u00fcdahalelerin ancak ulusal g\u00fcvenlik, kamu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, \u00fclkenin ekonomik refah\u0131, dirlik ve d\u00fczenin korunmas\u0131, su\u00e7 i\u015flenmesinin \u00f6nlenmesi, sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n veya ahlak\u0131n veya ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerinin korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, demokratik bir toplumda zorunlu olan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ve yasada \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olmak ko\u015fuluyla s\u00f6z konusu olabilece\u011fi belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zel Hayat\u0131n Gizlili\u011fini \u0130hlal Nedeniyle Manevi Tazminat<\/strong><\/h2>\n

T\u00fcrk \u00f6zel hukukunda \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011finin ihlali bir ki\u015filik hakk\u0131na sald\u0131r\u0131 niteli\u011finde oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011frayan ki\u015fi T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu 25. ve devam\u0131 maddelerince korunacakt\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n\u0131n gizlili\u011fi hakk\u0131 ihlal edilen veya edilme tehlikesi ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan ki\u015fi sald\u0131r\u0131 tehlikesinin \u00f6nlenmesi, s\u00fcrmekte olan sald\u0131r\u0131ya son verilmesi ve bitmi\u015f ancak etkileri devam eden sald\u0131r\u0131lar i\u00e7in fiilin hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespiti davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilecektir. Bu davalara koruyucu davalar denilmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca olu\u015fan zarar\u0131n giderilmesi ad\u0131na maddi ve manevi tazminat davalar\u0131 ve kazanc\u0131n geri verilmesi davas\u0131 da a\u00e7\u0131labilecektir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zel Hayat\u0131n Gizlili\u011fi Sebebiyle Manevi Tazminat Zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Tazminat istemi, zarar ve tazminat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi tarihten itibaren 2 y\u0131l ve her halde fiilin i\u015flendi\u011fi tarihten itibaren 10 y\u0131l ge\u00e7mesiyle zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131na u\u011frar. Tazminata konu eylem, ceza kanunlar\u0131na g\u00f6re su\u00e7 ise, tazminat davas\u0131 i\u00e7in de ceza zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 uygulan\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in ceza davas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunlu de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zel hayat\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n gizlili\u011fi ihlal<\/strong> edilmi\u015fse ve bu nedenle manevi tazminat davas\u0131<\/strong> a\u00e7mak istedi\u011finiz takdirde 2 ve 10 y\u0131ll\u0131k zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcreleri ge\u00e7erli olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Manevi Tazminat Davas\u0131 Dilek\u00e7e \u00d6rne\u011fi<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00d6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011fini ihlal nedeniyle manevi tazminat dilek\u00e7esi<\/strong> i\u00e7in ofisimizle ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7ebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zel Hayat\u0131n Gizlili\u011fini \u0130hlal Nedeniyle Manevi Tazminat Yarg\u0131tay Kararlar\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Yarg\u0131tay 4. Hukuk Dairesi Esas:2021-880 Karar:2024-3542\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

B\u00f6lge Adliye Mahkemesinin yukar\u0131da tarih ve say\u0131s\u0131 belirtilen karar\u0131 ile daval\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan … m\u00fcstear ad\u0131yla kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \\”Alo…! Medyan\u0131n RTE ile \u0130mtihan\u0131\\” adl\u0131 kitapta davac\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fct \u00fcyesi olarak g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi, davac\u0131ya ait oldu\u011fu iddia edilen tapelere yer verilerek \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011finin ihlal edildi\u011fi<\/strong>; bu ifadelerin, davac\u0131n\u0131n katlanmas\u0131 gereken a\u011f\u0131r ele\u015ftiri niteli\u011fini a\u015fan, olgu isnad\u0131na varan mahiyette oldu\u011fu, ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ya da ele\u015ftiri s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde de\u011ferlendirilemeyece\u011fi, dava konusu kitab\u0131n yay\u0131n tarihinden bu yana ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre nedeniyle konunun g\u00fcncelli\u011fini yitirmesi, kitab\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sadece manevi tazminata h\u00fckmedilmesi ile yetinilmesinin yerinde oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle taraflar\u0131n istinaf ba\u015fvurular\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 esastan reddine karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

T.C. Yarg\u0131tay 9. Hukuk Dairesi Esas:2016-15456 Karar:2020-4319\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Gerek\u00e7e:<\/p>\n

1-Dosyadaki yaz\u0131lara toplanan delillerle karar\u0131n dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanuni gerektirici sebeplere g\u00f6re, daval\u0131n\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki bendin kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan temyiz itirazlar\u0131 yerinde de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

2- Davac\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin i\u015fveren taraf\u0131ndan i\u015fyerinde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgisayar\u0131ndan facebook hesab\u0131na girilmek suretiyle sosyal medyada ge\u00e7en yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde elde edilmesine m\u00fcteakip hakl\u0131 neden olmaks\u0131z\u0131n feshedildi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrerek ihbar ve k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131 isteklerinde bulunmu\u015f mahkemece sosyal medya hesab\u0131 ile ilgili yaz\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7eriklerinin HMK’n\u0131n 189. maddesine g\u00f6re hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak elde edildi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 delil kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131lan feshin hakl\u0131 nedene dayanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilerek ihbar ve k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Mahkemece sosyal medya hesab\u0131na ait yaz\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7eriklerinin ne \u015fekilde elde edildi\u011fine dair deliller toplanmam\u0131\u015f, facebook yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n getirtilmesi karar\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7erek ba\u015fkaca delil toplanmaks\u0131z\u0131n karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Temyiz dilek\u00e7esinde davac\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7inin \u015firket y\u00f6neticisi hakk\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fikayet \u00fczerine \u00f6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011fini ihlal etmek su\u00e7undan kamu davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve beraatine karar verildi\u011fi belirtilmi\u015f bu y\u00f6nde dosya numaras\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Mahkemece s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen ceza dosyas\u0131 getirtilmeli, ayn\u0131 zamanda dosya kapsam\u0131nda taraflar\u0131n dayand\u0131klar\u0131 deliller toplanmak suretiyle feshe konu sosyal medya yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n daval\u0131 i\u015fveren taraf\u0131ndan hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde elde edilip edilmedi\u011fi tespit olunmak suretiyle davaya konu ihbar ve k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden bir karar verilmelidir. Eksik inceleme ile karar verilmesi hatal\u0131 olup bozmay\u0131 gerektirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

T.C. Yarg\u0131tay 4. Hukuk Dairesi Esas:2021-240 Karar:2021-1114\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

6098 say\u0131l\u0131 TBK\u2019n\u0131n 56. maddesi h\u00fckm\u00fcne g\u00f6re hakimin \u00f6zel halleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutarak manevi zarar ad\u0131 ile hak sahibine verilmesine karar verece\u011fi bir para tutar\u0131 adalete uygun olmal\u0131d\u0131r. H\u00fckmedilecek bu para, zarara u\u011frayanda manevi huzuru do\u011furmay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirecek tazminata benzer bir fonksiyonu olan \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir nitelik ta\u015f\u0131r. Bir ceza olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hukukuna ili\u015fkin bir zarar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131 da ama\u00e7 edinmemi\u015ftir. O halde bu tazminat\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 onun amac\u0131na g\u00f6re belirlenmelidir. Takdir edilecek miktar, mevcut halde elde edilmek istenilen tatmin duygusunun etkisine ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in gerekli olan kadar olmal\u0131d\u0131r. 22\/06\/1966 g\u00fcnl\u00fc ve 7\/7 say\u0131l\u0131 Yarg\u0131tay \u0130\u00e7tihad\u0131 Birle\u015ftirme Karar\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7esinde takdir olunacak manevi tazminat\u0131n tutar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyecek \u00f6zel hal ve \u015fartlar da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. Bunlar her olaya g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015febilece\u011finden hakim bu konuda takdir hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131rken ona etkili olan nedenleri de karar yerinde objektif \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclere g\u00f6re isabetli bir bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6stermelidir. Somut olayda, olay tarihi, olay\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme bi\u00e7imi, daval\u0131n\u0131n eylemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmedeki yo\u011fun kast\u0131 ve yukar\u0131daki ilkeler g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda davac\u0131 lehine h\u00fckmedilen manevi tazminat miktar\u0131 az olup daha \u00fcst d\u00fczeyde manevi tazminata h\u00fckmedilmesi gerekirken yaz\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde karar verilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Bu nedenle karar\u0131n davac\u0131 yarar\u0131na bozulmas\u0131 gerekmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

2- Davac\u0131n\u0131n faiz ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihine ili\u015fkin temyiz itiraz\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesinde;<\/p>\n

Haks\u0131z fiilde, zarar eylemin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi tarihte meydana gelmi\u015f olup faiz ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 da haks\u0131z fiil tarihi olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Davac\u0131 vekili dava dilek\u00e7esinde manevi tazminat y\u00f6n\u00fcnden olay tarihinden itibaren yasal faiz i\u015fletilmesini talep etmi\u015ftir. Eldeki davada haks\u0131z eylem tarihi 13\/11\/2012 tarihi olup, faiz ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihi bu tarih olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak, mahkemece yukar\u0131da belirtilen kural ve davac\u0131n\u0131n talebi g\u00f6zard\u0131 edilerek, h\u00fck\u00fcm f\u0131kras\u0131nda manevi tazminat y\u00f6n\u00fcnden faiz ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihinin dava tarihinden itibaren ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 do\u011fru de\u011fildir. Bu nedenle karar\u0131n davac\u0131 yarar\u0131na bozulmas\u0131 gerekmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00d6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011fi ve korunmas\u0131, Anayasam\u0131z ile g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anayasan\u0131n 20. maddesine g\u00f6re; \u2018Herkes, \u00f6zel hayat\u0131na ve aile hayat\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesini isteme hakk\u0131na sahiptir. \u00d6zel hayat\u0131n ve aile hayat\u0131n\u0131n gizlili\u011fine dokunulamaz.” \u00d6zel Hayat\u0131n Gizlili\u011fini \u0130hlal Su\u00e7u ve Cezas\u0131 ile ilgili makalemize g\u00f6z atmak i\u00e7in linke t\u0131klayabilirsiniz. Teknoloji ve sosyal medyan\u0131n g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e geli\u015fmesi ile […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8946,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3161","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00d6zel Hayat\u0131n Gizlili\u011fini \u0130hlal Manevi Tazminat - \u0130stanbul Avukat<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u00d6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011fini ihlal nedeniyle ki\u015filik hakk\u0131 zarar g\u00f6ren ki\u015fi \u00e7ekti\u011fi ac\u0131 ve \u0131st\u0131rap nedeniyle manevi tazminat davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilir.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/oner.av.tr\/en\/ozel-hayatin-gizliligini-ihlal-manevi-tazminat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00d6ZEL HAYATIN G\u0130ZL\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130N\u0130 \u0130HLAL MANEV\u0130 TAZM\u0130NAT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00d6zel hayat\u0131n gizlili\u011fini ihlal nedeniyle ki\u015filik hakk\u0131 zarar g\u00f6ren ki\u015fi \u00e7ekti\u011fi ac\u0131 ve \u0131st\u0131rap nedeniyle manevi tazminat davas\u0131 a\u00e7abilir.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/oner.av.tr\/en\/ozel-hayatin-gizliligini-ihlal-manevi-tazminat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y Lawyer and Law Office \u2013 \u00d6ner Law and Consultancy\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/onerhukukvedanismanlik\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-02-09T21:14:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-06T17:19:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/oner.av.tr\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/ozel-hayatin-gizliligini-ihlal-manevi-tazminat-1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"720\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Av. 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